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Shock the Bourgeois: French Influences and Bohemianism in The Yellow Book

Hannah Polinski

Ryerson University

Prospectus: The Yellow Book 4 (Jan. 1895)
Prospectus: The Yellow Book 4 (Jan. 1895)
Aubrey Beardsley
One of the most visible French influences upon the British periodical The Yellow Book was its unmistakable yellow covers. This design was conceived to attract attention to the subversive magazine, and it was this same borrowed aesthetic that contributed to the periodical’s downfall. In 1895, Oscar Wilde was arrested for indecency, and under his arm was a yellow-covered book that spectators assumed to be The Yellow Book. However Wilde was not carrying The Yellow Book, but rather a French novel, as decadent French novels were notoriously adorned with yellow covers (Weintraub 141). Wilde had never contributed to The Yellow Book; regardless, it became linked with sodomy which led to the defamation of the quarterly publication (142).
Throughout its short lifespan, The Yellow Book contained many other French influences, most notably the inclusion of works evoking Parisian Bohemian culture, such as Henry Harland’s short story “The Bohemian Girl” in volume IV and Charles Conder’s painting “Souvenir de Paris” in volume VI. Harland’s short story revolves around the life of Nina, a girl brought up in the socially radical neighbourhoods of bohemian Paris. After the death of her famous bohemian father, she manages to run a salon, raise her daughter alone, and become a matriarch-like figure in a male-dominated environment. Conder’s painting features a woman in Paris drinking coffee alone as she looks out of the frame. Using the cultural context of bohemianism, this exhibit will analyze Harland’s “The Bohemian Girl” and Conder’s “Souvenir de Paris” as works that exhibit non-conventional values and relate it to how The Yellow Book can be read as a print community of French-influenced bohemianism.
Souvenir de Paris
Souvenir de Paris
Charles Conder
Picture
Bird's Eye View of Paris, France
A Photographic Trip Around the World
Bohemia in Paris

During the fin-de-siècle, Paris saw a flourishing of art and literature from its bohemian community. In Mary Gluck’s Popular Bohemia, bohemianism is defined not as a movement but as an anti-conformist community of creative intellectuals focused on freeing their lives from the values of the bourgeois class (9). Bohemian communities formed in the eclectic Parisian neighbourhoods of Montmartre and the Latin Quarter, where cafes and cabarets became the heart for exchanges in ideas about art, philosophy, and society. These intellectual circles also presented the opportunity for artists and writers such as Harland and Conder to show their work to the public, as some often donated art to decorate the interior of the cabarets (Hamilton 31).
Picture
Eiffel Tower
Library of Congress
Picture
Soirée au cabaret le Chat Noir
Wikimedia Commons
The French were enthusiastic about liberating art from the sole consumption of the ruling class (Desmarais 73). They believed in creating a democratic art culture that everyone could engage with. Paris provided this culture through its bohemian circles (Gluck 15). All sorts of intellectual figures as well as members of the bourgeois class could visit cafes and cabarets of Montmartre and the Latin Quarter to be exposed to a slew of intellectually stimulating discussions. New art and literature would often be showcased at these discussions (Gluck 15) which transformed art into an accessible entity available to all.