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Musical Performance, Audience, and Class Relations: The Yellow Book Blurs the Lines

Roxanne Frazer

Ryerson University

The text titled “On the Art of Yvette Guilbert” is an extensive review praising the entertainer’s work. Stanley Makower intricately details high points in Yvette Guilbert's many performances. He places samples of musical notes throughout to display his descriptions. The piece of prose serves as a review of musical performance in essay format. The fact that the prose is in The Yellow Book says something significant about the intended audience. Yvette Guilbert performed cabaret. Cabaret is an art form that depends on fine nuances and artful understatements that may be lost in a bigger venue. If it is presented in a bigger hall, the art form loses its personality and its appeal. Therefore, it is better suited to venues like music halls rather than an opera stage (Ruttkowski 51). The original audience of cabarets in the Victorian era were considered decadents, cosmopolitans and bohemians; in other words, the hippies and free thinkers (51).

 

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Yvette Guilbert
Toulouse-Lautrec
Musical Performance is represented in a style befitting the 1890's bohemian within these two pieces from The Yellow Book. However it is clear from the critiques that this publication is meant to be read by persons with literary prowess, or at least persons with an appreciation for literary content. This did not describe the cabaret audience. Senelick describes this audience as one that appreciates "vulgarity" or "snoberry" in their performances (151). Ruttkowski describes the lower class preferences as comedic and charming (51). None of these descriptions suggests that these two groups of people can be the same group, thus creating the view of a blurring of intended audiences. This also suggests that the 1890's was a time in which interest in all kinds of musical performance was generated. With these examples, The Yellow Book is shown to be at the fore in generating this interest. 
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Both pieces showcase musical performance with a decadent style. The drawing presents controversial figures in movement on stage and the prose extensively reviews an entertainer whose audience is regularly bohemians, with the occasional philistine who shows up for the shock value of a cabaret performance. The fact that these pieces are featured in such a reputable publication as The Yellow Book is evidence of an obscuring of intended audience and a muddling of class representation. Music halls were normally frequented by lower class people, and the kind of behaviour depicted in the "Comedy-Ballet of the Marionettes III" was often found on the stage of a music hall. The very presence of these pieces in The Yellow Book is not only indicative of audience consumption of musical performance at the time, but also gives a clear picture of the kind of performances that have started to become of interest to 1890's patricians. It also proves the publication's ability to present problematic entries while maintaining literary distinction. In other words, The Yellow Book existed in a liminal space that allowed it to not only be important for literary culture, but also important as an agent of social awareness.
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