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The Reception of ‘New Women’ In The Yellow Book

Samantha Lacy

Ryerson University

INTERPRETING GENDER RELATIONS THROUGH IMAGE

Picture
"A Reading From Plato" 1903
by Gertrude D. Hammond

Gertrude D. Hammond’s past accomplishments at the Royal Institute, and the popularity of her illustrations for various types of novels and Women’s books (Brake & Demoor 267), shows that she is not entirely unknown amongst her society. She gained attention with her painting titled, “A Reading From Plato”, which depicted a women holding a vellum-bound book and looking as though she is contemplating things of great importance (Hall 1). This painting, which was done in 1903, is an example of Hammond using her art to create a positive image of women, in this case, as intelligent subjects. This same feminist sensibility can be found in her piece that she did for The Yellow Book. Her image and its meaning are noticeably encrypted with multiple possible meanings, seeming to encourage women and men to use their intellectual capacities to decipher its purpose.

 

Her painting for The Yellow Book, appropriately titled “The Yellow Book”, fits with the overall playfulness of much of the Quarterly’s work and contributors. The self-referential nature of the image, as suggested by the title, supposes a satirical aspect to the work. In the aesthetic domestic setting, represented by the décor of Japanese fans (Kooistra & Denisoff 2), the man is holding out the Yellow Book to the modest woman whose posture is facing away from him but she is looking down slyly at the book and blushing.

 The representation of the woman insinuates that she is not what would be referred to as a ‘New Woman’. The ‘New Woman’ term was coined by Sarah Grand in 1894 and became a very important cultural icon of the fin de siècle (Diniekjko 1). This woman would be “intelligent, educated, emancipated, independent and self-supporting,” (Diniekjko 3). The woman of Hammond’s painting appears dominated by the man in the photo, who is the one showing her or perhaps even teaching her something about the book. Her sly face relates her ashamed feeling about what she is seeing, which is probably how many felt at the time. 
The Yellow Book
The Yellow Book
Miss Gertrude D. Hammond
Picture

Since The Yellow Book held some status amongst its upper middle class readership, its avant-garde nature was acceptable and therefore so was some of its more progressive content. As Linda Hughes argues in her article “Women Poets and Contested Spaces in The Yellow Book”, not only was this Quarterly great for female contributors to share their more edgy pieces but it was also tailored to female readership as much as it was for men (15).  Hammond’s image seems to be securing this thought, promoting to women that this is a book for them too. Perhaps this is why the man in the image is showing her the book, to prove that even men think women should read it, and although she looks timid about it, her blushing exposes that something in it appeals to her. The Yellow Book and its female contributors, who are writing and creating images of Decadence, sexuality, and New Women narratives, are encouraging the female readership to become more independent and active in their society.